??? ?? ?? ???????????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? here ????????????? ?? ??????????? ??????????????? ?????????????????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????? ?? ??? ???, ?? ?? ?? ??????????? ??

????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

Microneedle patches have emerged as a innovative drug delivery system, offering a minimally invasive and pain-free alternative to traditional injection methods. These adhesive patches are comprised of tiny needles embedded in a substrate matrix that gradually dissolves upon application to the skin. The microneedles penetrate the stratum corneum, th